UNESCO'S World Heritage Sites in India || Free PDF ||

 

UNESCO’s List of Tangible and Intangible Elements

 

 

Tangible: Adj. Perceptible by touch or where you can go.

Intangible: Which you cannot touch like Song, Dance etc.

 

Tangible Sites:

Criteria:

• To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius.
• To exhibit an importance interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design.
• To bear a unique or at least exceptional to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared.
• To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage (s) in human history.
• To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land use, or sea use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change.
• To be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas or with beliefs, with artistic and literary of outstanding universal significance.
• To contain superlative nature phenomena or areas of exceptional nature beauty and aesthetic importance.
• To be an outstanding example representing Major stages of earth’s history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of land forms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic feature.
• To be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals.
• To contain the most important and significant nature habitats in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.

 

Note:-

There are total of 40 UNESCO World Heritage Sites located in India. These includes 32 cultural sites, seven Natural sites and One mixed-criteria sites.In 2021, There are two new sites are added to the World heritage site, One is Dholavira (27^th July 2021) and another one is Ramappa Temple (25^th July 2021).

 

The Benefits of “World Heritage” status are:

(i) Identity: The recognised site gets a new identity world over. The status itself confirms about the outstanding and exceptional features of the listed site.

(ii) Funding: The site gets funds from a global body for its protection and conservation.

(iii) Tourism: One listed it brings international attention to the site. Hence , ensures economic benefits to the nation.

(iv) Protection during wartime: the site becomes protected under Geneva convention against destruction or misuse during war.

(v) Access to global project management resources, as they will be more willing to participate with such projects

 

List

Axom Study
State	Sites	Category
Assam	1. Kaziranga National Park (-80-90% Rhino) 2. Manas National Park	Natural Natural
Bihar	1. Bodhgaya (- Made by Samrat Ashoka in 3 BC) 2. Nalanda University	Cultural Cultural
Chandigarh	1. The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier	Cultural
Delhi	1. Humayun Tomb (1572 apprx.) 2. Qutub Miner and its Monuments 3. Red Fort (- Made by Shah Jahan)	Cultural
Goa	1. Churches and Convents (- Portuguese Culture )	Cultural
Gujrat	1. Champaner - Pavagadh Archaeological park 2. Rani ki vav (11 century) 3. Historic City Of Ahmedabad 4. Dholavira	Cultural
Himachal Pradesh	1. Great Himalayan National Park (2014)	Natural
Karnataka	1. Hampi (- Near the bank of Tungra Bhadra river - Vijaynagar Empire - It believes that Lord Hanuman was born there) 2. Group of Monument at Pattadakal (- Aihole)	Cultural Cultural
Madhya Pradesh	1. Khajuraho Group of Monuments (- made by Chandela kings ) 2. Buddhist Monument at Sanchi (-200BC - 300BC - Emblem of Buddhist) 3. Rock Shelters of Bhimbedka (-Mesolithic age -Vindhya Hills)	Cultural
Maharashtra	1. Ajanta Caves (- Buddhist Cave -It was formed between 2nd Century BC - 6th Century BC -Declared in 1983 - 1st phase during Ashoka, 2nd phase during Gupta period ) 2. Ellora Caves 3. Elephant Caves 4. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminous (Head quarter of Central Railways - Earlier Name was Victoria Terminus -One of the busiest railway station - Architect : Frederick William Stevens) 5. The Victorian & Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai (Bombay High Court building)	Cultural
Odisha	1. Sun Temple, Konark (-13th Century’s Temple - Also known as Black Pagoda - located at the bank of Mahanadi - Made by Raja narsimh dev I )	Cultural
Rajasthan	1. Keoladeo National Park (Also a Ramsar Site) 2. Jantar Mantar 3. Hill Forts of Rajasthan 4. Jaipur City	Natural Cultural Cultural Cultural
Sikkim	1. Khangchendzonga National Park	Mixed
Tamil Nadu	1. Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (- Also known as Mammallapuram) 2. Great Living of Chola Temples (- Brihadeeswara temple - located at Thanjavur) 3. Western Ghats (including states: Karnataka, Kerala & Maharashtra)	Cultural
Telengana	1. Rudreswara Temple (Also known as Ramappa Temple - Located at Warangle)	Cultural
Uttar Pradesh	1. Agra Fort (- It shows about Mughal’s wealth - Made by red sand stones ) 2. Taj Mahal (- A mosque) 3. Fatehpur Sikri (-Made by Mughal Emperors)	Cultural
Uttarakhand	1. Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Park	Natural
West Bengal	1. Sunderban National park 2. Toy Train (- West Bengal, Tamil Nadu & Himachal Pradesh - Also Known as India’s Mountain Railways )	Natural Cultural

Intangible Cultural Elements

 

•  A total of 14 Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) elements from India have been inscribed till date on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
•  For inclusion of an element in the UNESCO’s Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage, the state parties are required to submit nomination dossier on the relevant element for evaluation and examination of the UNESCO Committee.
•  The Ministry of Culture has appointed the Sangeet Natak Akademi, an autonomous organisation under the Ministry of Culture, as nodal office for matters relating to the intangible cultural heritage including for preparation of the nomination dossiers for the representative List of UNESCO.

 

List of Intangible Cultural Heritage Sites

 

1) Vedic Chanting - Whole India

2) Yoga - Whole India

3) Nawrouz (Parsian) - Whole India

4) Buddhist Chanting of Ladakh

5) Traditional Brass and Copper craft - Punjab

6) Kalbelia Folk songs and Dances of Rajasthan

7) Kumbh Mela - (Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh)

8) Kutiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre - Kerala

9) Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and Dance drama of Kerala

10) Chahu Dance (Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal)

11) Sankirtana - Manipur

12) Ramlila, the traditional Performance of the Ramayana - Uttar Pradesh

13) Ramman, Religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas - Uttarakhand

14) Durga Puja - Kolkata , West Bengal (recent 2021)

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